Article

lock Open Access lock Peer-Reviewed

0

Views

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Fetal heart block: a new experimental model to assess fetal pacing

Renato S AssadI; Marcelo B JateneI; Luiz Felipe P MoreiraI; Paulo C SalesI; Vera Demarqui AielloI; Roberto CostaI; Frank L HanleyII; Adib D JateneI

DOI: 10.1590/S0102-76381994000300001

Full text available only in portuguese PDF format.

REFERENCES

1. ALLAN, L. D.; ANDERSON, R. H.; SULLIVAN, I. D.; CAMPBELL, S.; HOLT, D. W.; TYNAN, M. - Evaluation of fetal arrhythmias by echocardiography. Br. Heart J., 50: 240-245, 1983. [MedLine]

2. ALLAN, L. D.; CRAWFORD, D. C; ANDERSON, R. H.; TYNAN, M. - Evaluation and treatment of fetal arrhythmias. Clin. Cardiol., 7: 467-473, 1984. [MedLine]

3. ASSALI, N. S.; BRINKMAN, C. R.; NUWAYHID, B. - Comparison of maternal and fetal cardiovascular functions in acute and chronic experiments in the sheep. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 120: 411-425, 1974.

4. BAROLD, S. S.; ONG, L. S.; HEINLE, R. A. - Stimulation and sensing thresholds for cardiac pacing: electrophysiologic and technical aspects. Progr. Cardiovasc. Dis., 24:1-24, 1981.

5. BIERMAN, F. Z.; BAXI, L.; JAFFE, I.; DRISCOLL, J. - Fetal hydrops and congenital complete heart block: response to maternal steroid therapy. J Pediatr., 112: 646-648, 1988. [MedLine]

6. CARPENTER, Jr. R. J.; STRASBURGER, J. F.; GARSON Jr., A.; SMITH, R. T.; DETER, R. L.; ENGELHARDT Jr., H. T. - Fetal ventricular pacing for hydrops secondary to complete atrioventricular block. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 8: 1434-1436, 1986. [MedLine]

7. COOPER, I. S.; SAMRA, K.; WISNIEWSKA, K. - Effects of freezing on major arteries. Stroke, 2: 471-482, 1971. [MedLine]

8. CROMBLEHOLME, T. M.; HARRISON, M. R.; LONGAKER, M. T.; LANGER, J. C; ADZICK, N. S.; BRADLEY, S.; DUNCAN, B.; VERRIER, E. D. - Complete heart block in fetal lambs. I: Technique and acute physiological response. J. Pediatr. Surg., 25: 587-593, 1990. [MedLine]

9. CROWLEY, D. C; DICK, M.; RAYBURN, W. F.; ROSENTHAL, A. - Two dimensional and M-mode echocardiographic evaluation of fetal arrhythmias. Clin. Cardiol., 8: 1-10, 1985. [MedLine]

10. DEVORE, G. R.; SIASSI, B.; PLATT, L. D. - Fetal echocardiography. III: The diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias using real time directed M-mode ultrasound. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 146: 792-799, 1983. [MedLine]

11. FURMAN, S.; HURZELER, P.; DeCAPRIO, V. - The ventricular endocardial electrogram and pacemaker sensing. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., 73: 258-266, 1977. [MedLine]

12. GOETZMAN, B. W.; ITSKOVITZ, J.; RUDOLPH, A. M. - Fetal adaptations to spontaneous hypoxemia and responses to maternal oxygen breathing. Biol. Neonate, 46: 276-284, 1984. [MedLine]

13. HEINEMANN, M. K.; SABIK, J. F.; GAMBLE, W. J.; HANLEY, F. L. - Prenatal pacemaker implantation in the fetal lamb. Circulation, 84 (2): II-513, 1991 (Resumo).

14. HUHTA, J. C; STRASBURGER, J. F.; CARPENTER, R. J. - Pulsed doppler fetal echocardiography. J. Clin. Ultrasound, 13: 247-254, 1985. [MedLine]

15. KLEINMAN, C. S.; DONNERSTEIN, R. L.; JAFFE, C. C; DeVORE, G. R.; WEINSTEIN, E. M.; LYNCH, D. C; TALNER, N. S.; BERKOWITZ, R. L.; HOBBINS, J. C. - Fetal echocardiography. A tool for evaluation of in utero cardiac arrhythmias and monitoring of in utero therapy: analysis of 71 patients. Am. J. Cardiol., 51: 237-243, 1983. [MedLine]

16. KLEINMAN, C. S.; HOBBINS, J. C; JAFFE, C. C; LYNCH, D. C; TALNER, N. S. - Echocardiographic studies of the human fetus: prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease and cardiac dysrhythmias. Pediatrics. 65: 1059-1066, 1980.

17. LONGAKER, M. T.; GOLBUS, M. S.; FILLY, R. A.; ROSEN, M. A.; CHANG, S. A.; HARRISON, M. R. - Maternal outcome after open fetal surgery: a review of the first 17 human cases. JAMA, 265: 737-741, 1991. [MedLine]

18. MACHADO, M. V. L.; TYNAN, M. J.; CURRY, P. V. L.; ALLAN, L. D. - Fetal complete heart block. Br. Heart J., 60: 512-515, 1988. [MedLine]

19. MAGILLIGAN Jr., D. J.; HAKIMI, M.; DAVILA, J. C. - The sutureless electrode: comparison with transvenous and sutured epicardial electrode placement for permanent pacing. Ann. Thorac. Surg., 22: 80-86, 1976. [MedLine]

20. PINSKY, W. W.; GILLETTE, P. C; GARSON Jr., A.; McNAMARA, D. G. - Diagnosis, management, and long term results of patients with complete atrioventricular block. Pediatrics, 69: 728-733,1982. [MedLine]

21. SCAGLIOTTI, D.; SHIMOKOCHI, D. D.; PRINGLE, K. C. - Permanent cardiac pacemaker implant in the fetal lamb. PACE, 10: 1253-1261, 1987.

22. SCHIMIDT, K. G. & SILVERMAN, N. H. - A fetus with a cardiac malformation. In: HARRISON, M. R.; GOLBUS, M. S.; FILLY, R. A. (eds.) The unborn patient: prenatal diagnosis and treatment. 2. ed. Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders, 1991. p. 264-294.

23. SCHIMIDT, K. G.; ULMER, H. E.; SILVERMAN, N. H.; KLEINMAN, C. S.; COPEL, J. A. - Perinatal outcome of fetal complete atrioventricular block: a multicenter experience. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 17: 1360-1366, 1991. [MedLine]

24. SCHULZ, D. M.; GIORDANO, D. A.; SHULZ, D. H. - Weighs of organs of fetuses and infants. Arch. Pathol., 74: 244-250, 1962. [MedLine]

25. TAYLOR, C. B.; DAVIS, C. B.; VAWTER, G. F.; HASS, G. M. - Controlled myocardial injury produced by a hypothermal method. Circulation, 3: 239-253, 1951.

26. WALLS, J. T.; MALONEY, J. D.; PLUTH, J. R. - Clinical evaluation of a sutureless cardiac pacing lead: chronic threshold changes and lead durability. Ann. Thorac. Surg., 36: 328-331, 1983. [MedLine]

27. WLADIMIROFF, J. W. & McGHIE, J. S. - Ultrasonic assessment of cardiovascular geometry and function in the human fetus. Br. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 88: 870-875, 1981.

28. WLADIMIROFF, J. W.; VOSTERS, R.; McGHIE, J. S. - Normal cardiac ventricular geometry and function during the last trimester of pregnancy and early neonatal period. Br. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 89: 839-844, 1982.

Article receive on Friday, September 30, 1994

CCBY All scientific articles published at rbccv.org.br are licensed under a Creative Commons license

Indexes

All rights reserved 2017 / © 2024 Brazilian Society of Cardiovascular Surgery DEVELOPMENT BY