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ARTIGO ORIGINAL

Plástica da valva aórtica em pacientes portadores de insuficiência aórtica: resultados imediatos e tardios

Marcondes T Neves JúniorI; Pablo M. A PomerantzeffI; Carlos M. A BrandãoI; Max GrinbergI; Miguel Barbero-MarcialI; Noedir A. G StolfI; Geraldo VerginelliI; Adib D JateneI

DOI: 10.1590/S0102-76381996000300004

RESUMO

No período de agosto de 1980 a maio de 1995, foram estudados 31 pacientes que apresentavam insuficiência aórtica e que foram submetidos à plástica da valva aórtica (P V A). Dezoito (58,06%) pacientes eram do sexo masculino e 13 (42,94%) do sexo feminino. A média de idades foi de 20.9 +/- 18,3, com a idade variando de 2 a 68 anos. A etiologia das lesões foi congênita em 21 (67,65%) pacientes, reumática em 6 (19,35%), degenerativa em 3 (9,67%) e endocardite infecciosa em 1 (3,25%). O tipo de plástica realizada foi: plicatura junto às comissuras com fixação na parte externa da aorta em 10 pacientes, plicatura junto às comissuras com fixação interna das vávulas em 10, anuloplastia parcial em 4, plicatura valvular central em 5 e correção valvular com placa de pericárdio bovino em 2. As principais operações associadas foram: ventriculosseptoplastia em 14 e plástica de valva mitral em 7 pacientes. O tempo médio de pinçamento aórtico foi de 70,53 minutos. O tempo médio de circulação extracorpórea (CEC) foi de 96,43 minutos. Não houve mortalidade operatória. Um paciente foi submetido a nova plástica no mesmo ato operatório para a correção de insuficiência aórtica residual. Um paciente faleceu após 19 meses de insuficiência cardíaca. Vinte e cinco (80,6%) apresentam-se em classe funcional I (N Y H A) no pós-operatório tardio. Podemos concluir que os pacientes submetidos à P V A apresentaram baixo risco e boa evolução tardia.

ABSTRACT

Between August 1980 and May 1995 we studied 31 patients who underwent aortic valvuloplasty for aortic insufficiency. Eighteen (58.06%) were male and 13 (42.94%) female. The age ranged from 2 to 68 years (avarage 20.9 +/- 18.3). The ethiology was congenital in 21 (67.65%), rheumatic in 6 (19.35%), degenerative in 3 (9.67%) and infective endocarditis in 1 (3.25%). The type of valvuloplasty performed were: anuloplasty with external fixation of the cusp in 10, anuloplasty with internal fixation of the cusp in 10, partial anuloplasty in 4, triangular resection of prolapsed cusp in 5 and correction with a patch of bovine pericardium in 2 patients. The most frequent associated surgery was ventriculosseptoplasty in 14. The mean time of cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic crossclamp was 96.43 and 70.53 min, respectively. We didn't have operatory death. One patient was submitted to a new valvuloplasty in the intra-operative period because of a residual insufficiency. We observed one death in the follow-up due to a cardiac insufficiency nineteen months after surgery. Twenty five (80.6%) patients are in functional class (N Y H A) in the follow-up. We concluded that patients who underwent aortic valvuloplasty for aortic insufficiency had low surgical risk and good outcome.
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